منابع مشابه
Was the Black Death yersinial plague?
Didier Raoult and Michel Drancourt argue that their recovery of DNAsequences specific to Yersinia pestis from skeletons believed to date from the mid-14th-century Black Death should put a stop to further “speculation” regarding the cause of the epidemic “unless our work is proved to be wrong.” There are several reasons to question the ancient DNA results reported for the Black Death pathogen by...
متن کامل4 Epidemiology of the Black Death and Successive Waves of Plague
Open any textbook on infectious diseases and its chapter on plague will describe three pandemics of bubonic plague. The first, the plague of Justinian, erupted in the Egyptian port city of Pelusium in the summer of AD 541 and quickly spread, devastating cities and countryside in and around Constantinople, Syria, Anatolia, Greece, Italy, Gaul, Iberia, and North Africa: ‘‘none of the lands border...
متن کاملClimate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe.
The Black Death, originating in Asia, arrived in the Mediterranean harbors of Europe in 1347 CE, via the land and sea trade routes of the ancient Silk Road system. This epidemic marked the start of the second plague pandemic, which lasted in Europe until the early 19th century. This pandemic is generally understood as the consequence of a singular introduction of Yersinia pestis, after which th...
متن کاملSetting the stage for medieval plague: Pre-black death trends in survival and mortality.
OBJECTIVES The 14(th) -century Black Death was one of the most devastating epidemics in human history, killing tens of millions of people in a short period of time. It is not clear why mortality rates during the epidemic were so high. One possibility is that the affected human populations were particularly stressed in the 14(th) century, perhaps as a result of repeated famines in areas such as ...
متن کاملThe Black Death
Towards the middle of .the fourteenth century some Italian merchants who were occupied in trading with China by the overland route were besieged by the Tartars in a small town on the river Don. They were, however, driven out of this town, and many of them, together with their merchandise from China, found refuge in the fortified post of Caff a, in the Crimea. Later they were again besieged in t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Lancet Infectious Diseases
سال: 2003
ISSN: 1473-3099
DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00652-2